Strategies

nFL — No Federated Learning

Name Venue Year Paper URL
LocalOnly
Centralized
SimTS ICASSP 2024 SimTS: Rethinking Contrastive Representation Learning for Time Series Forecasting Arxiv - IEEE - GitHub
InfoTS ICLR 2023 InfoTS: Information-Aware Time Series Meta-Contrastive Learning Arxiv - REF
SL NeurIPS 2025 Selective Learning for Deep Time Series Forecasting OpenReview - GitHub

tFL — Traditional Federated Learning

Name Venue Year Paper URL
FedAvg AISTATS 2017 Communication-Efficient Learning of Deep Networks from Decentralized Data Arxiv
SCAFFOLD ICML 2020 SCAFFOLD: Stochastic Controlled Averaging for Federated Learning Arxiv - REF
Krum NeurIPS 2017 Machine Learning with Adversaries: Byzantine Tolerant Gradient Descent PUB - REF
FedMedian ICML 2018 Byzantine-Robust Distributed Learning: Towards Optimal Statistical Rates Arxiv - REF
FedTrimmedAvg ICML 2018 Byzantine-Robust Distributed Learning: Towards Optimal Statistical Rates Arxiv - REF
FedAdam ICLR 2021 Adaptive Federated Optimization Arxiv - REF
FedYogi ICLR 2021 Adaptive Federated Optimization Arxiv - REF
MOON CVPR 2021 Model-Contrastive Federated Learning Arxiv
FedRolex NeurIPS 2022 FedRolex: Model-Heterogeneous Federated Learning with Rolling Sub-Model Extraction Arxiv - GitHub
Elastic CVPR 2023 Elastic Aggregation for Federated Optimization OpenAccess - REF
FedCross ICDE 2024 FedCross: Towards Accurate Federated Learning via Multi-Model Cross-Aggregation IEEE - Arxiv - REF
FedRCL CVPR 2024 Relaxed Contrastive Learning for Federated Learning OpenAccess - Arxiv - GitHub
FedAWA CVPR 2025 FedAWA: Adaptive Optimization of Aggregation Weights in Federated Learning Using Client Vectors CVPR - Arxiv
FedTrend Science China Information Sciences 2026 Tackling Data Heterogeneity in Federated Time Series Forecasting PUB - Arxiv
FedAvgM Measuring the Effects of Non-Identical Data Distribution for Federated Visual Classification Arxiv - REF
FedADMM ICDE 2022 FedADMM: A Robust Federated Deep Learning Framework with Adaptability to System Heterogeneity IEEE - REF
FedLAW ICML 2023 Revisiting Weighted Aggregation in Federated Learning with Neural Networks Arxiv - GitHub
FedPAQ AISTATS 2020 FedPAQ: A Communication-Efficient Federated Learning Method with Periodic Averaging and Quantization Arxiv

pFL — Personalized Federated Learning

Name Venue Year Paper URL
FedProx MLsys 2020 Federated Optimization in Heterogeneous Networks Arxiv
FedRidge arXiv 2026 One-Shot Federated Ridge Regression: Exact Recovery via Sufficient Statistic Aggregation Arxiv
Ditto ICML 2021 Ditto: Fair and Robust Federated Learning Through Personalization Arxiv - REF
pFedMe NeurIPS 2020 Personalized Federated Learning with Moreau Envelopes Arxiv - REF
APFL arXiv 2020 Adaptive Personalized Federated Learning Arxiv - REF
PerAvg NeurIPS 2020 Personalized Federated Learning with Theoretical Guarantees: A Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning Approach Arxiv - REF
AirMetapFL arXiv 2025 Pre-Training and Personalized Fine-Tuning via Over-the-Air Federated Meta-Learning: Convergence-Generalization Trade-Offs Arxiv
FedAMP AAAI 2021 Personalized Cross-Silo Federated Learning on Non-IID Data Arxiv - REF
FedBN ICLR 2021 FedBN: Federated Learning on Non-IID Features via Local Batch Normalization Arxiv - REF
FML NeurIPS 2020 Federated Mutual Learning Arxiv - REF
FedDyn ICLR 2021 Federated Learning Based on Dynamic Regularization Arxiv - REF
FedALA AAAI 2023 FedALA: Adaptive Local Aggregation for Personalized Federated Learning Arxiv
FedCAC ICCV 2023 Bold but Cautious: Unlocking the Potential of Personalized Federated Learning through Cautiously Aggressive Collaboration OpenAccess - Arxiv
FDCR NeurIPS 2024 Parameter Disparities Dissection for Backdoor Defense in Heterogeneous Federated Learning Arxiv - GitHub
FedIT ICASSP 2024 Towards Building the Federated GPT: Federated Instruction Tuning Arxiv
FFA_LoRA ICLR 2024 Improving LoRA in Privacy-preserving Federated Learning Arxiv
FedSA_LoRA ICLR 2025 Selective Aggregation for Low-Rank Adaptation in Federated Learning Arxiv
LoRA_FAIR ICCV 2025 LoRA-FAIR: Federated LoRA Fine-Tuning with Aggregation and Initialization Refinement Arxiv - GitHub
pFedHN ICML 2021 Personalized Federated Learning using Hypernetworks Arxiv - GitHub
pFedLA NeurIPS 2022 Layer-Wise Personalized Federated Learning via Hypernetworks Arxiv - GitHub
CFL arXiv 2019 Clustered Federated Learning: Model-Agnostic Distributed Multi-Task Optimization under Privacy Constraints Arxiv - REF
LGFedAvg arXiv 2020 Think Locally, Act Globally: Federated Learning with Local and Global Representations Arxiv - REF
FedNova NeurIPS 2020 Tackling the Objective Inconsistency Problem in Heterogeneous Federated Optimization Arxiv - REF
FedSelect CVPR 2024 FedSelect: Personalized Federated Learning with Customized Selection of Parameters for Fine-Tuning Arxiv - GitHub

hFL — Heterogeneous Federated Learning

Name Venue Year Paper URL
FedMD NeurIPS-W 2019 FedMD: Heterogenous Federated Learning via Model Distillation Arxiv
FedDF* NeurIPS 2020 Ensemble Distillation for Robust Model Fusion in Federated Learning Arxiv

dFL — Decentralized Federated Learning

Name Venue Year Paper URL
DFedAvg** AISTATS 2017 Communication-Efficient Learning of Deep Networks from Decentralized Data Arxiv
DFedProx** MLsys 2020 Federated Optimization in Heterogeneous Networks Arxiv
DFedSAM ICML 2023 Improving the Model Consistency of Decentralized Federated Learning Arxiv - Slide
DFedAWA** CVPR 2025 FedAWA: Adaptive Optimization of Aggregation Weights in Federated Learning Using Client Vectors CVPR - Arxiv
DFedHPO Internet of Things 2025 Decentralized Federated Learning with Hyperparameter Optimization PUB

* Adapted from classification to regression. Please use with caution.

** Decentralized variant converted from its tFL/pFL counterpart (e.g. FedAvg → DFedAvg).